[Izvor: © Vjesnik On-Line, Petak, 17. lipnja
2005 - https://www.bum.vjesnik.hr/Html/2005/06/17/Clanak.asp?r=kul&c=1.]
Jedinstven
»astronomski« spomenik na tlu Hrvatske, tholos Maklavun u blizini
Rovinja, oštetili su bageri iz obližnjega privatnog kamenoloma, utvrdio
je voditelj glasovite
višnjanske zvjezdarnice
Korado Korlević. Poznati
astronom uočio je oštećenje ilirske zvjezdarnice stare više od tri i pol
tisuće godina prilikom izleta na koji je poveo skupinu učenika, želeći
im pokazati jedinstven prethistorijski objekt koji bi se mogao
usporediti s puno razvikanijim Stonehengeom.
Došavši u
Maklavun, malo mjesto u unutrašnjosti Istre,
Korado Korlević je uočio da
su bageri iz obližnjeg kamenoloma prešli preko vanjskog zida
nekadašnjega hrama i groblja te da su miniranja oštetila unutrašnji zid.
Ako se na neadekvatan način nastave radovi u kamenolomu, ostat ćemo bez
pretpovijesne zvjezdarnice, kultne građevine koja je, između ostaloga,
imala funkciju da odredi kad se počinje dužiti dan odnosno kad prestaje
zima.
Građevine toga
tipa u svijetu su rijetke, a njihov je pronalazak posebno važan,
naglašava Korlević, jer svjedoče o pokušaju mjerenja vremena u brončanom
dobu, prije najmanje tri i pol tisuće godina. »Neki od tih spomenika su
jako poznati, poput primjeraka u Irskoj i Grčkoj. Svi su jednako
napravljeni. Sastoje se od velike hrpe kamenja i zemlje te jednog ulaza
kroz koji svjetlo, za solsticija, pada unutra i obznanjuje da se dan
počeo produljivati«, objašnjava naš sugovornik.
Umjesto da u
istarskom mjestu Maklavunu imamo prvorazrednu kulturnu i turističku
atrakciju, danas se tamo »melje kamenje«, ogorčeno pripovijeda
Korlević.
Hram u Maklavunu, poznatiji kao ilirsko groblje, zaštićeni je spomenik
kulture. »Pretpostavljam da se takvo nešto ne bi moglo dogoditi u
civiliziranoj zemlji, a da prekršitelj ne izgubi licenciju ili da se ne
zatvori kamenolom, ističe
Korlević.
Umjesto druidskih
svečanosti, koje su se nekad u vrijeme solsticija zbivale diljem Europe,
danas se ova okrugla građevina, vjerojatno podignuta u čast boga Sunca,
na žalost iskorištava kao hram boga »poduzetničkoga profita«, kaže
Korado Korlević.
Suprotno
Korlevićevim tvrdnjama, stručnjaci Konzervatorskog odjela iz Pule
Ministarstva kulture obišli su teren i zaključili da arheološki
lokalitet nije oštećen. To nam je u četvrtak potvrdila glasnogovornica
Ministarstva kulture Sunčane Glavak. No, konzervatori također smatraju
da blizina kamenoloma ugrožava kulturni spomenik, pa će još jednom izaći
na teren.
Hrvatski
The unique "astronomical" monument on the soil of Croatia, tholos
Maklavun near
Rovinj,
was damaged by excavators from a nearby private quarry, confirmed the
head of the famous
Višnjan observatory,
Korado Korlević.
A well-known astronomer noticed the damage to the Illyrian observatory,
which is more than three and a half thousand years old, during a trip on
which he took a group of students, wanting to show them a unique
prehistoric object that could be compared to the much more popular
Stonehenge.
Arriving in Maklavun, a small town in the interior of Istria,
Korado Korlević
noticed that the excavators from the nearby quarry had gone over the
outer wall of the former temple and cemetery and that the blasting had
damaged the inner wall. If the work in the quarry continues in an
inadequate manner, we will be left without the prehistoric observatory,
a cult building which, among other things, had the function of
determining when the day begins to lengthen or when winter ends.
Buildings of this type are rare in the world, and their discovery is
particularly important,
Korlević
emphasizes, because they bear witness to an attempt to measure time in
the Bronze Age, at least three and a half thousand years ago. »Some of
these monuments are very famous, such as examples in Ireland and Greece.
All are created equal. They consist of a large pile of stones and earth
and one entrance through which, for the solstice, light falls inside and
announces that the day has begun to lengthen," explains our
interlocutor.
Instead of having a first-class cultural and tourist attraction in
the Istrian town of Maklavun, today "stones are being ground" there,
says
Korlević
bitterly. The temple in Maklavun, better known as the Illyrian cemetery,
is a protected cultural monument. "I assume that such a thing could not
happen in a civilized country, without the violator losing his license
or the quarry being closed,"
Korlević
points out.
Instead of druid ceremonies, which used to take place all over Europe
at the time of the solstice, today this round building, probably built
in honor of the Sun god, is unfortunately used as a temple for the god
of "entrepreneurial profit", says
Korado Korlević.
Contrary to
Korlević's claims, experts from the
Pula
Conservation Department of the Ministry of Culture visited the site and
concluded that the archaeological site was not damaged. This was
confirmed by the spokeswoman of the Ministry of Culture, Sunčane Glavak,
on Thursday. However, conservators also believe that the proximity of
the quarry threatens the cultural monument, so they will once again go
out into the field.