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1997
[Editor's note: we do not
attest to the accuracy or completeness of these notes which are provided by the
Croatian and Slovenian Postal authorities.] |
(SLO) MOUNTAINS - SNEŽNIK (MONTE
NERVOSO)
-
 Date
of issue:
January 21, 1997
- First day of issue postmark: 6250 Snežnik
- Photography: Hinko Poroenik
- Design: Boštjan Botas-Kenda
- Printer: DELO - TISKARNA d.d., Ljubljana
- Realization: Pola (25)
- Perforation: comb
- Size: 40,32*28,80
- Paper: Chancellor oba free L.S.PVA GMD 100g,
gummed
- Face value: 20 SIT
- Print quantity: 500000
Notes: Najlepša
slovenska znamka leta 1997. Podeljena ji je bila tudi 28.mednarodna nagrada
Asiaga za filatelijo - v sekciji za prostor (Premio Internazionale Asiago d'Arte
Filatelica, sezione ambiente)
Snežnik, 1796 m (meaning
snow-covered mountain) is the highest peak of the Slovene Karst and at the same
time the highest non-alpine Slovene mountain. With its three peaks, covered with
snow late in the spring, it can be seen from all Slovene mountain peaks.
Moreover, from its summit Snežnik itself offers a breathtaking view, which
extends to Istria, the Gulf of Quarnero and that of Trieste.
The mountain, with the
snow-white cap, was already known to the chroniclers of Roman invasions two
thousand years ago. They named it Mons Albius.
Speaking about the view from
Snežnik,
Janez Vajkard Valvasor
wrote that piercing the clouds with its spire,
the mountain (generally referred to as Snežnik) lifted you so high that your eye
could reach far away across the whole country and your look could fly across the
sea to Italy and across the land to Dalmatia, Croatia, Turkey and all around. He
described this mountain, situated near the border between Croatia and Dalmatia
as being surrounded by a frightening forest wildness. In travel journals Snežnik
can be also found under the names Loški Snežnik, Ilirski Snežnik, Notranjski
Snežnik, Velikanski Snežnik and Veliki Snežnik. In Croatia it is also known as
Kranjski, Slovenski or even Kastavski Snežnik, since it can be seen from the sea
just above the ancient town called Kastav.
Foreigners, too, gave the
mountain their own names: Italians called it at first Monte Albio and later
Monte Nevoso, Germans called Snežnik Schneeberg, the mountain with the same
name as a hundred years old castle at its foothills. However, in spite of all
this Snežnik remained the Slovene mountain with a Slovene name, a mighty bulwark
at the south-west border of Slovenia. Snežnik is also unique regarding its
geological and botanical structure. It offers a wide range of the Karst
phenomena with abysses, caves, karst springs, frost hollows and visible traces
of freezing. It comprises the largest continuous forest in Slovenia. Because of
the rare botanical species, the upper part of the Snežnik range was protected as
a botanical reserve (1964). The botanical researches of Snežnik go back to the
year 1827. Following Henrik Freyer, the Snežnik flora was researched by numerous
acknowledged botanicals: Ginzberger, Tregubov, Dr. Tone Wraber, and a number of
younger ones. Thanks to them, the rich natural heritage of Snežnik is today
well-known. With beautiful examples of both alpine and illyrian karst botanical
species the Snežnik flora represents something very special.
Dr. Miha Potoenik
appreciated the uniqueness of Snežnik very much. He confirmed his appreciation
with the following thought: "Snežnik is not only a mountain, it is also a
majestic kingdom!" For the local inhabitants it represents an ancient symbol and
they associate their life and work with their mountain.
Over the years Snežnik has
inspired many artists - painters: France Pavlovec, Lojze Perk, Jože Šajn
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VELI JOŽE,
(JOE THE GIANT), A TALE SET
IN ISTRIA
-
 Date
/ Vrijednost:
March 6, 1997
- Designer / Autor: Nevenka Arbanas
- Printer / Tiskara: AKD - Hrvatski
tiskarski zavod, Zagreb, Savska cesta 31
- Size / Veličina: 29.82x35.5 mm
- Perforation: 14
- Technique: Mlticolor offset
- Quantity / Naklada: 350 000
- Denominatiion: 3.60 K
Motif: Illustration by Sasa Santel, 1908.
Legend (from the Latin legere = read; what ought
to be read) is a story about unusual events and people, accompanied by elements
of the miraculous...
One of the best known legends in the Croatian
literature is the story
Veli Jože by Vladimir Nazor, written during his stay in Istria. The
story became one of the most popular stories in Istria, and is a reflection of
the political events in Istria at the beginning of the 20th century.
See also: Literature, Novels -
Veli Jože
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(SLO) PROMINENT SLOVENES - ŽIGA ZOIS
(1747 -
1819)
-
 Datum
izdaje/uporabe: May 30, 1997
- Vrsta: PZ
- Oblikovanje: Studio "KREA" - Gorica
- Motiv: Baron Žiga Zois
- Tisk: DELO - TISKARNA d. d., Ljubljana
- Tehnika: 4-colour offset
- Pola: 25
- Papir: Chancellor oba free L.S.PVA GMD 100g,
gummed
- Velikost: 28,80 x 40,32 mm
Sigismundus Zois, Baron of Edelstein, an
economist, natural scientist and one of the great figures the Enlightenment
movement, was born in Trieste on 23rd
November 1747. He received his first education in his father's house and pursued
his studies in the educational institution for lay students of the seminary in
Reggio Emillii. In 1765 he came to Ljubljana where he studied natural science
and other sciences applicable to mining and forging industry. His special
interest in the innovations in these two fields resulted in his own innovation -
a blowpipe for the blast furnace. On the request of authority he took part as a
consultant in working out the plans for the improvement of navigability of the
rivers Sava and Ljubljanica and for the drainage of the Ljubljana Marshes.
During his long journey in the Central Europe Zois contracted a disease - gout -
that marked the rest of his life. In 1793 he became paralysed. He had a bath
chair made after his own plans, which he used for moving around the flat that he
never left after 1797. His disease progressed slowly but persistently. In 1819
Zois died because of it.
Zois learned the Slovene language from his
mother. Since his family spoke mostly Italian, while the high society of
Ljubljana spoke German, Zois became aware of his Slovene origins only in his
thirties. His linguistic interest in the Slovene language and other Slavic
languages involved him in the revival movement and helped him realise that he
was Slovene. In the spirit of the revival principles about the enlightenment of
common man he started to write Slovene verses such as "Hej Mima, hej Mima" (Hey
Mima, hey Mima), a humorous poem written in the rhyme of an alpine dancing song
and a playful poem "Joj dekleta" (Oh girls). As a mentor, who encouraged the
formation of Slovene literature for intellectuals, Zois also tried his hand at
translating. He mostly translated alone (Lenora), but he also helped Linhart
with translation.
Zois was an outstanding natural scientist. Thus
he knew a lot about mineralogy, chemistry, metallurgy, geology and mining, but
he was also attracted to zoology and botany. As a zoologist he wrote an
extensive article on
proteus anguineus. He was held in high repute for one of the most
beautiful and the most important collections of minerals in Europe, which is
placed in the Natural History Museum in Ljubljana. It contains approximately 500
minerals, ores and crockeries. Among mineral samples from the Svinska planina,
Zois discovered a new mineral in 1805 which was named in his honour zoisit.
Zois is also important because his capability to
discover men of ability, to earn their approbation and to consult them on the
basis of his extensive knowledge. His systematically arranged library enabled
him to supply them methodically with literature. He helped Blaž Kumerdej with
writing the first scientific grammar and with gathering of material for a
dictionary. He directed Anton Tomaž Linhart towards writing a drama in the
Slovene language and he backed his writing of the first critical history of
Slovenes. Thanks to Zois Jernej Kopitar developed into a very important European
linguist (the first scientific grammar). He educated Valentin Vodnik to be a
versatile cultural artist and poet. He made possible the enlightenment work,
which created the basis for the development of Slovene literary language and
literature. In this way the linguistic works and handbooks were written, the
popular prose and the art poem were developed and the Slovene language also
became the language of theatre. Thus he rejected the idea about the backwardness
of Slovene people and he woke the national conscience among the intellectuals.
Bojan Bračič, M.Sc. |
(SLO) EUROPE IN MINIATURE -
BEEHIVE
-
 Date
of issue: May 30, 1997
- Illustration: Zagorka Simič
- Photography: Dragan Arrigler
- Design: Miljenko Licul, "studio ZODIAK"
- Printer: DELO - TISKARNA d.d.,
Ljubljana
- Realization: Pola (50)
- Perforation: comb
- Size: 25,60*34,50
- Paper: Chancellor oba free L.S.PVA GMD
100g, gummed
- Face value: 90 SIT
Sugar has been used in Slovenia since the middle
of the 18th century. Until that time honey was the only sweetener available, and
it was an important produce from the husbandry of beekeeping. It was Slovenia's
beekeeping that contributed to the development of apiculture in Europe. With the
introduction of expertise into this important field Austrian Empress Marija
Teresia founded an apiculture school in Vienna, and the first teacher in it was
the Slovene Anton Janša (1734 - 1773) from Breznica in Upper Carniola. In
Slovenia during this period there was one other well-known beekeeping expert
Peter Pavel Glavar (1721 - 1784) from Komenda near Kamnik who was the first
writer of a professional apiculture text, recommendations for bettering
beekeeping. Simultaneously beekeeping technology, tools, equipment and gadgets
were also being developed. This also included the development of apiary or
beehive "architecture", in which movable frame hives are stored and at the same
time is home to the bees. In the historical development of the beehive
changes were made, the oldest beehive being cut out in tree trunks or tree
stumps. Even Duke Janez Weikard Valvasor (1689) mentioned that pieces of wood
nailed together to make frame hives were placed inside beehives, and the same
lying flat, wooden frame hives were mainly used in Upper Carniola and central
Slovenia. In the second half of the 18th century it got a unit of size
measurement, which actually also defined the module shape of the beehive. This
our most widespread "national" beehive was preserved right up to modern times,
and in the middle of the 19th century it also got the name "kranjič", from the
German word "Krainer Bauernstock" that was given to it by the baron from the
Podsmreka castle near Višnja Gora. Kranjič-s, placed in beehives, were from the
middle of the 18th century until the start of the 20th century also painted with
a wide variety of motifs therefore, our beehives were also a unique gallery of
folk art, mainly illustrations of beekeepers and man's general out look on life,
his opinions, sentiments and also his extensive and unrestrained joy. See also: Fauna -
Honeybee
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(SLO) 140th ANNIVERSARY OF THE LJUBLJANA - TRIESTE RAILWAY LINE
-
 Date
of issue: May 30, 1997
- IIlustration: Jože Trpin
- Design: Milena
Gregorčič
- Printer: DELO -
TISKARNA d.d., Ljubljana
- Realization: Pola
(25)
- Perforation: comb,
11.5
- Size: 40,32*28,80
- Paper: Chancellor oba
free L.S.PVA GMD 100g, gummed
- Denomination: 80 SIT
- Print quantity:
300000
Motif: Parna Steam Locomotive (SZ 03-002)
STAMP OF THE MONTH: This is the fourth in what
appears to be a continuing series of Slovenian steam locomotives. Scott #291
celebrates the140th anniversary of the opening of the Ljubljana-Trieste railway
line, the last phase in the construction of the railroad link between Vienna and
the Austro-Hungarian Empire's main seaport. Construction began on the 577
kilometer Southern State Railway in 1839. Loco 03-002, pictured, was built in 1914 in the
Viennese locomotive factory in Floridsdorf and was in use until 1968, when, as
the first of her class, she was put under the protection of the Slovene Railway
Museum (location?). Other stamps in the series are Scott #203, Loco
#5722 - Ljubljana-Novo Mesto Railway centenary; Scott #233, Loco KRB 37, Podnart
- 125th Ann. Ljubljana - Jesenice Line; & Scott # 243, Loco "Aussee", 150th Ann.
Graz - Celje Line. Source: The
Railway Philatelist
***
On the 27th June 1997 it will be
140 years since the opening of the railway line Ljubljana - Trieste, the last
phase in the construction of a railway link between Vienna and the main seaport
of the Austro - Hungarian Empire. With this the project of the Southern State
Railway was made a reality, a 577 kilometer long railway line, for which
construction had already commenced in 1839. In 1850 work on the line Ljubljana
towards the coast began, the last 145 kilometres to Trieste. During construction
many difficulties were confronted as the Ljubljana marsh demanded an
unbelievable amount of material to fortify the railway embankments. A number of
problems also occured in the building of the railway line over the Karst region.
Due to the diverse land a number of building projects were necessary including
viaducts, cuts, embankments and tunnels. The biggest construction was the
Borovnica viaduct, which with its length of 584 metres and height of 38 metres
even exceeded the viaduct built on the Semmering ( where the line was finished
in 1954). Five million specially shaped bricks from the Borovnica brickworks
were built into the viaducts arches ( the viaduct was shaped like a bow). Stone
pillars were built on the marsh land, based on oak pilots. These pilots proved
fateful for the viaduct because in the course of time the floor of the
subterranean sunk lower and the oak pilots began to rot, making the viaduct
unsafe. During the second World War the viaduct was also very badly damaged. Due
to the rotting pilots renovation was impossible and a by-pass railway line had
to be built. Today only one remaining pillar reminds us of the viaduct. During
construction of the basic railway network the State found itself in great
financial difficulties and was forced to put the railway up for sale.The famous
and disreputable Southern Railway, with its hardly one year old line from Vienna
to Triest, was taken-over by a private company that had foreign capital
participation. With exceptional vitality the railway network was added onto and
expanded so that by the end of the century it completely managed the traffic
space south of Vienna. In accordance with need, a line of excellent types of
locomotives were developed, and without doubt the most famous "series" was the
109. Here this locomotive was renamed the JDZ 03.
LOCOMOTIVE SZ 03-002
In the history of the railway in
Slovenia it is possible to find only two types of locomotives, and both of them
were both constructed especially for our conditions, type of coal and pulling
characteristics. These were the series 03 from 1910 and series 06 from 1930.
Type 03 locomotive, from the series SB 109, ordered by the Southern Railway was
designed especially for the Ljubljana - Trieste railway line, on which the
locomotives then used were not powerful enough for the ever heavier express
trains. With their achievement the Viennese designers, Ernst Prossy and Hans
Steffan, set a turning-point in the building of locomotives. The new locomotive
was unusually big, exceptionally powerful and designed with an elegance unknown
at that time. Due to is quality the 109 series was quickly used on other
Southern Railway lines, and also in Hungary. By 1914 forty-four locomotives had
been constructed, with an additional nine being made for Hungary, and between
1927 and 1930 another four were ordered making a grand total of 57. After the
first World War 15 of these locomotives belonged to us. They were used all the
time in Slovenia and were highly regarded by engine drivers and proved to be
very popular with them. Locomotive 03-002, with the number 109.38 Southern
Railways, was made in 1914 in the Viennese locomotive factory in Floridsdorf. It
was among those locomotives which in 1918 belonged to the new state of the
Southern Slavs. The locomotive's present number was given to it in 1933 when a
new, unified number system was introduced for all locomotives in Yugoslavia. The
locomotive was in use until 1968 when, as the first of its kind, it was put
under the protection of the Slovene Railway museum. For years the locomotive was
kept in a railway shed and it was anticipated that eventually it would be used
to pull a museum train. This finally happened in 1987. This event gained
Slovenia a great deal of attention from foreign railway fans and an award for
cultural-historical awareness was collected. In the same year the Hungarians did
likewise with their museum locomotive of the same type, the 109.109 and some
years later the Austrians put into function their 109.13. In Vienna in 1995 and
last year in Celje on the 150th anniversary of the railway in Slovenia the three
"sisters" were brought together, the last from a family which once numbered over
50 of these wonderful machines. Mladen Bogic, Prof.,
Director of the Railway Museum
Slovene Railways
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(ITA) GIARDINI PUBBLICI DI MIRAMARE,
TRIESTE (Giardini storici pubblici)
-
  Date
/ Vrijednost:
June 14,. 1997
- Designer[s]: R. Morena
- Sheets: 50
- Perforation: 14x13-1/4
- Technique: Offset chalcography
(calcografia)
- Quantity / Naklada:
3,000,000
- Denomination: 800 L.
Artistic and Cultural Patrimony. Public Parks.
See also:
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(HRV) 400th ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEATH
OF FRANE PETRIĆ /
FRANCESCO PATRIZI (1529-1597)
-
 Date
/ Vrijednost:
October 17, 1997
-
Designer / Autor: Danijel Popović,
Designer / Autor:, Zagreb
-
Printer / Tiskara:
AKD - Hrvatski tiskarski zavod, Zagreb, Savska cesta 31
-
Size / Veličina:
35.5x29.82 mm
-
Quantity / Naklada: 350 000
-
Paper / Papir: White, 102 g, gummed
-
Technique: Multicolor offset
-
Quantity / Naklada: 350 000
-
Denomination: 1.40 K
Frane Petrić, the Renaissance philosopher and
polyhistorian, was born on the island of Cres. By giving affirmation to the
Renaissance philosophy, Petrić stimulates the creative philosophic spirit. He
stands for the neoplatonist monistic-ontologic concept of the world, rejecting
the tradicional scholastic dualism, particulary the one in Aristotle’s
philosophy. See also: Prominent Istrians -
Frane Petrić |
(ITA) 50th
ANNIVERSARY OF THE EXODUS OF THE PEOPLE OF ISTRIA, FIUME (RIJEKA) AND DALMATIA
-
  Date
/ Vrijednost:
December 6, 1997
- Designer / Autor: Antonello Ciaburro
- Printer / Tiskara: I.P.Z.S. - Rome
- Process: Rotogravure
- Paper: fluorescente non filigranata
- Sheets: 50 stamps
- Perforation: 14 x 13 ¼
- Quantity / Naklada: 3,000,000
- Annullo speciale: Sportello della
filiale di Trieste
- Denomination: 800 L.
Motif: Raffigura il piroscafo "Toscana" messo a
disposizione degli esuli; ; è posto in evidenza il vessillo tricolore.
Completano il francobollo la leggenda "L'ESODO DEGLI ITALIANI DALL'ISTRIA FIUME
E DALMAZIA", la scritta "ITALIA" ed il valore "800".
See also:
Archives - Ships that brought Istrians to Australia (945-55) -
Toscana |
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Bibliography:
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